Thermal Insulation
Protection from cold and heat
Thermal Insulation - Complete Guide
In emergency situations (lack of heating), maintaining heat in the shelter is crucial for survival. Insulation protects against heat loss and moisture.
In a tent or shelter, insulation from the cold ground is most important - that's where you lose the most heat.
Shrink the heated/cooled area first, then insulate. One room is easier to manage than a whole building.
Cold: keep heat in
Ground insulation, draft reduction and living in one room make the biggest difference.
- Insulate the floor (rugs, blankets, cardboard) to cut conductive heat loss.
- Seal drafts around windows/doors and reduce airflow leaks.
- Stay dry; wet clothing accelerates heat loss.
Safe heating
Combustion heaters/stoves increase CO risk. Ensure ventilation and use a CO detector. Never use a grill or generator indoors.
Heat: reduce overheating
In heat waves, insulation and shade help keep indoor temperatures tolerable.
- Shade sun-facing windows (blinds, curtains, improvised covers).
- Ventilate at night/morning; limit ventilation during peak heat if outside is hotter.
- Hydrate regularly; dehydration worsens heat stress.
Thermal Insulation
Limit the heated space (e.g., one room). Seal windows and doors with blankets or tape. Insulate the floor with carpets.
Acoustic Insulation
Soundproofing the room makes it difficult for outsiders to detect your presence. Use mattresses, blankets on walls.
Sealing (Dust/Gas)
In case of contamination, seal all gaps with tape and foil to create an airtight room.
Moisture and mold
Over-sealing without ventilation drives humidity and mold, which impacts breathing and comfort.
- Ventilate briefly but effectively when conditions allow.
- Dry wet gear away from the sleeping area if possible.
- Watch for condensation on windows/walls—it signals humidity problems.
Insulation Materials
Styrofoam, mineral wool, blankets, bubble wrap, cardboard, duct tape.