Mechanical Injuries

Handling fractures, dislocations, and wounds.

Important

The information contained in this section is for educational purposes only and does not replace professional medical advice. In emergencies, always call emergency services.

Fractures

Immobilization is key. Immobilize two adjacent joints (for bone fracture) or two adjacent bones (for joint injury). Check circulation (pulse) below the injury.

Pott's Rule:

  • If a bone is fractured → immobilize two adjacent joints.
  • If a joint is injured → immobilize two adjacent bones.

Wounds and Cuts

Clean the wound with soap and water or saline (not hydrogen peroxide for deep wounds - it damages tissue). Close wound edges (steri-strips). Apply sterile dressing.

Sprains and Strains - PRICE Method

The PRICE method (Protection, Rest, Ice, Compression, Elevation) is the recommended first aid standard for soft tissue injuries according to NHS, AAOS and Mayo Clinic. Apply for the first 48-72 hours after injury.

P

Protection

Protect the injury from further damage. Use a brace, sling, or crutches. Avoid activities that increase pain.

R

Rest

Avoid loading the injured limb for 24-48h. This doesn't mean complete immobilization - gentle movements prevent stiffness. Use crutches or a brace if needed.

I

Ice

Apply ice wrapped in a towel for 15-20 minutes every 2-3 hours. Never apply ice directly to skin (risk of frostbite). Cooling reduces swelling and pain.

C

Compression

Wrap with elastic bandage from fingers upward. Pressure should be firm but not block circulation. If numbness or blueness appears - loosen.

E

Elevation

Raise the limb above heart level, e.g., on pillows. This helps drain blood and lymph, reducing swelling. Especially important for the first 48h.

When to see a doctor?

  • Pain doesn't subside after 48-72h or worsens
  • Swelling significantly increases
  • You can't bear weight on the limb at all
  • Deformity or crepitus appears
  • Numbness or tingling below the injury
  • Skin becomes pale or blue

The PRICE method is the standard first aid for sprains and strains. If you suspect a fracture or pain persists after 48h - consult a doctor.

Medical Sources